The cost of repairing or replacing watermain piping perforated by corrosion is becoming a major item in many municipal budgets, and correspondingly in most individuals’ municipal taxes. Although it is understandable that cast iron failures occur both from a mechanical and age point of view, one alarming experience is that ductile iron which was installed in the late 1960s and 1970s is also exhibiting a significant failure rate. Recent investigations, supported by previous studies, have indicated that corrosion is a primary cause of failures on both grey cast and ductile iron piping. As this fact has become recognized more widely by the waterworks industry, so has the need for corrosion prevention solutions.

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